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 1272 - 1307 (~ 35 years)
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| Name |
Joan of Acre |
| Prefix |
Princess |
| Born |
Apr 1272 |
Acre, Holy Land  |
| Gender |
Female |
| Died |
23 Apr 1307 |
Clare, Suffolk, England |
| Buried |
Clare Priory, Clare, Suffolk, England |
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| Notes |
- Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Acre
She was an English princess, a daughter of King Edward I of England and Queen Eleanor of Castile. The name "Acre" derives from her birthplace in the Holy Land while her parents were on a crusade.
She was married twice; her first husband was Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester, one of the most powerful nobles in her father's kingdom; her second husband was Ralph de Monthermer, a squire in her household whom she married in secret.
Joan is most notable for the claim that miracles have allegedly taken place at her grave, and for the multiple references to her in literature.
Joan (or Joanna, as she is sometimes called) of Acre was born in the spring of 1272 in the Kingdom of Acre, Outremer, now in modern Israel, while her parents, Edward I and Eleanor of Castile, were on crusade. At the time of Joan's birth, her grandfather, Henry III, was still alive and thus her father was not yet king of England. Her parents departed from Acre shortly after her birth, traveling to Sicily and Spain before leaving Joan with Eleanor's mother, Joan, Countess of Ponthieu, in France. Joan lived for several years in France where she spent her time being educated by a bishop and being spoiled by an indulgent grandmother.
As Joan was growing up with her grandmother, her father was back in England, already arranging marriages for his daughter. He hoped to gain both political power and more wealth with his daughter's marriage, so he conducted the arrangement in a very business like style. He finally found a man suitable to marry Joan (aged 5 at the time), Hartman, son of King Rudolph I, of Germany. Unfortunately for King Edward, his daughter?s suitor died before he was able to meet or marry Joan.
He arranged a second marriage almost immediately after the death of Hartman. Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, who was almost thirty years older than Joan and whose marriage had recently been annulled, was his first choice. The earl resigned his lands to Edward upon agreeing to get them back when he married Joan, as well as agreed on a dower of two thousand silver marks. By the time all of these negotiations were finished, Joan was twelve years old.
Gilbert de Clare became very enamored with Joan, and even though she had to marry him regardless of how she felt, he still tried to woo her. He bought her expensive gifts and clothing to try to win favor with her. The couple were married on 30 April 1290 at Westminster Abbey, and had four children together:
1. Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford
2. Eleanor de Clare
3. Margaret de Clare
4. Elizabeth de Clare
Joan had been a widow for only a little over a year when she caught the eye of Ralph de Monthermer, a squire in Joan?s father?s household. Joan fell in love and convinced her father to have Monthermer knighted. It was unheard of in European royalty for a noble lady to even converse with a man who had not won or acquired importance in the household. However, in January 1297 Joan secretly married Ralph. Joan's father was already planning another marriage for Joan to Amadeus V, Count of Savoy, to occur 16 March 1297. Joan was in a dangerous predicament, as she was already married, unbeknownst to her father.
Joan sent her four young children to their grandfather, in hopes that their sweetness would win Edward's favor, but her plan did not work. The king soon discovered his daughter's intentions, but not yet aware that she had already committed to them, he seized Joan?s lands and continued to arrange her marriage to Amadeus of Savoy.
Soon after the seizure of her lands, Joan told her father that she had married Ralph. The king was enraged and retaliated by immediately imprisoning Monthermer at Bristol Castle. The people of the land had differing opinions on the princess? matter. It has been argued that the ones who were most upset were those who wanted Joan?s hand in marriage.
With regard to the matter, Joan famously said, ?It is not considered ignominious, nor disgraceful for a great earl to take a poor and mean woman to wife; neither, on the other hand, is it worthy of blame, or too difficult a thing for a countess to promote to honor a gallant youth.? Joan's statement in addition to a possibly obvious pregnancy seemed to soften Edward?s attitude towards the situation.
Joan's first child by Monthermer was born in October 1297; by the summer of 1297, when the marriage was revealed to Edward I, Joan's condition would certainly have been apparent, and would have convinced Edward that he had no choice but to recognize his daughter's marriage. Edward I eventually relented for the sake of his daughter and released Monthermer from prison in August 1297. Monthermer paid homage 2 August, and being granted the titles of Earl of Gloucester and Earl of Hertford, he rose to favour with the King during Joan's lifetime.
Monthermer and Joan had four children:
1. Mary de Monthermer, born October 1297. In 1306 her grandfather King Edward I arranged for her to wed Duncan Macduff, 8th Earl of Fife.
2.Joan de Monthermer, born 1299, became a nun at Amesbury.
3.Thomas de Monthermer, 2nd Baron Monthermer, born 1301.
4.Edward de Monthermer, born 1304 and died 1339.
Joan died on 23 April 1307, at the manor of Clare in Suffolk. The cause of her death remains unclear, though one popular theory is that she died during childbirth, a common cause of death at the time. While Joan's age in 1307 (about 35) and the chronology of her earlier pregnancies with Ralph de Monthermer suggest that this could well be the case, historians have not confirmed the cause of her death.
Less than four months after her death, Joan?s father died. Joan's widower, Ralph de Monthermer, lost the title of Earl of Gloucester soon after the deaths of his wife and father-in-law. The earldom of Gloucester was given to Joan?s son from her first marriage, Gilbert, who was its rightful holder. Monthermer continued to hold a nominal earldom in Scotland, which had been conferred on him by Edward I, until his death.
Joan?s burial place has been the cause of some interest and debate. She is interred in the Augustinian priory at Clare, which had been founded by her first husband's ancestors and where many of them were also buried. Allegedly, in 1357, Joan?s daughter, Elizabeth De Burgh, claimed to have ?inspected her mother's body and found the corpse to be intact,?, which in the eyes of the Roman Catholic Church is an indication of sanctity.
This claim was only recorded in a fifteenth-century chronicle, however, and its details are uncertain, especially the statement that her corpse was in such a state of preservation that "when her paps [breasts] were pressed with hands, they rose up again." Some sources further claim that miracles took place at Joan's tomb, but no cause for her beatification or canonization has ever been introduced.
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| Person ID |
I36055 |
Master File |
| Last Modified |
8 Sep 2016 |
| Father |
Edward I (Longshanks) Plantagenet, King of England, b. 16 Jun 1239, Palace of Westminister, London, England , d. 07 Jul 1307, Burgh by Sands, Cumberland, England (Age 68 years) |
| Mother |
Eleanor of Castile, b. 10 Jan 1240, Burgos, Provincia de Burgos, Castilla y León, Spain , d. 28 Nov 1290, Harby, Nottinghamshire, England (Age 50 years) |
| Family ID |
F14861 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
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