Malcolm III of Scotland

1031 - 1093  (~ 62 years)

• Name	Malcolm III of Scotland
  Born	ca 1031	Scotland
  Gender	Male
  Died	13 Nov 1093	Alnwick, Northumberland, England
  Buried	Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland
  	Grave location, historical portrait, and abbey photo: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8421411
  Notes	Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_III_of_Scotland He was King of Scots from 1058 to 1093. He was later nicknamed Canmore (ceann mòr) in Scottish Gaelic, "Great Chief." Malcolm's long reign, lasting 35 years, preceded the beginning of the Scoto-Norman age. Malcolm's father Duncan I became king in late 1034, on the death of Malcolm II, Duncan's maternal grandfather and Malcolm's great-grandfather. Malcolm's mother was a niece of Siward, Earl of Northumbria, but an earlier king-list gives her the Gaelic name Suthen. Duncan's reign was not successful and he was killed by Macbeth on 15 August 1040. Although Shakespeare's Macbeth presents Malcolm as a grown man and his father as an old one, it appears that Duncan was still young in 1040, and Malcolm and his brother Donalbane were children. Soon after the death of Duncan his two young sons were sent away for greater safety?exactly where is the subject of debate. According to one version, Malcolm (then aged about nine) was sent to England, and his younger brother Donalbane was sent to the Isles. Based on some accounts, it was assumed that Malcolm passed most of Macbeth's seventeen-year reign in the Kingdom of England at the court of Edward the Confessor. Others sources say Malcolm's mother took both sons into exile at the court of Thorfinn Sigurdsson, Earl of Orkney, an enemy of Macbeth's family, and perhaps Duncan's kinsman by marriage. Various chroniclers report the death of Macbeth at Malcolm's hand, on 15 August 1057 at Lumphanan in Aberdeenshire. Macbeth was succeeded by his stepson Lulach, who was crowned at Scone, probably on 8 September 1057. Lulach was killed by Malcolm, "by treachery", near Huntly on 23 April 1058. After this, Malcolm became king. His kingdom did not extend over the full territory of modern Scotland: the north and west of Scotland remained in Scandinavian, Norse-Gael and Gaelic control. Malcolm III fought a succession of wars against the Kingdom of England, which may have had as their goal the conquest of the English earldom of Northumbria. These wars did not result in any significant advances southwards. Malcolm's main achievement is to have continued a line which would rule Scotland for many years. The Orkneyinga saga reports that Malcolm married the widow of Thorfinn Sigurdsson, Ingibiorg, a daughter of Finn Arnesson. Although Ingibiorg is generally assumed to have died shortly before 1070, it is possible that she died much earlier, around 1058. The Orkneyinga Saga records that Malcolm and Ingibiorg had a son, Duncan II (Donnchad mac Maíl Coluim), who was later king. Some Medieval commentators, following William of Malmesbury, claimed that Duncan was illegitimate, but this claim is propaganda reflecting the need of Malcolm's descendants by Margaret [his second wife] to undermine the claims of Duncan's descendants. In 1068, he granted asylum to a group of English exiles fleeing from William of Normandy, among them Agatha, widow of Edward the Confessor's nephew Edward the Exile, and her children: Edgar Ætheling and his sisters Margaret and Cristina. By the end of 1070, Malcolm had married Edgar's sister Margaret of Wessex, the future Saint Margaret of Scotland who is Scotland's only royal saint. Malcolm himself gained no reputation for piety; with the notable exception of Dunfermline Abbey, he is not definitely associated with major religious establishments or ecclesiastical reforms. Malcolm and Margaret had eight children, six sons and two daughters: 1. Edward, killed 1093 2. Edmund of Scotland 3. Ethelred, abbot of Dunkeld 4. King Edgar of Scotland 5. King Alexander I of Scotland 6. King David I of Scotland 7. Edith of Scotland, also called Matilda, married King Henry I of England 8. Mary of Scotland, married Eustace III of Boulogne
  Person ID	I36094	Master File
  Last Modified	14 Sep 2016

  
  

  Family	Saint Margaret of Wessex, Queen of Scotland,   b. ca 1045, Hungary ,   d. 16 Nov 1093, Edinburgh Castle, Scotland  (Age ~ 48 years)
  Children	1. Matilda of Scotland,   b. ca 1080, Dunfermline Fife, Scotland ,   d. 01 May 1118, Westminister Palace, London, England  (Age ~ 38 years)
  Last Modified	14 Sep 2016
  Family ID	F14882	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart